William s



I 3 Sheets-Shet I. W. S. WILLIAMS.

KILN

(No Model.) 7

N0.'531',242. Patented Dec. 18, 1894.

for.

fllnemrea;

3 Sheets-Sheet "2.

(No Model.)

- W. S. WILLIAMS.

KILN

Patented Dec. 18, 1894.

No. 531,242. v

(No Model.)

W. S. WILLIAMS.

3 S-hats-Sheet 3.

- 'KILN.

Patented Dec. 18, 1894."

' UNITED ST TES PATENT OFF CE.

WILLIAM S. WILLIAMS, OF CANTON, OHIO.

K L N.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 531,242, dated December 18, 1 894.. 7' pp a flied February 27,1894. Serial No. 501,625. (No model.) I

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM S. WILLIAMs, of Canton, in the countyof Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inKiln's; and I do hereby declare the following to be'a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in kilns; and itconsists in" certain features of construction and in combinations of parts hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure Us a side elevation, partly in section on line 1'1, Fig. 2, of a kiln embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan of the kiln, partly in section, on line 2-2, Fig. 1, and reduced in size relative to Fig. 1, with portions of the floor of the kiln broken away -to more clearly show the construction. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 33, Fig. 1. Fig. at is a top plan, partly in section and broken away, of a kiln substantially the same in construction as the kiln shownin Figs. 1, 2 and 3, excepting that kiln shown in Fig. 4 is considerably larger and involves a duplication of, the flues and furnaces employed in the construction of furnace shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig.1 5 is an enlarged vertical sectionv on line 5-5, Fig. 4.

A simple construction of kiln embodying my invention is shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the kiln shown being quadrangular in plan. Two series of fires or furnaces, A, A, are shown located at opposite sides of the kiln, respectively. The fire or combustion-chamber of each of said furnaces is in open relation, at the rear, with an upright flue, B, constructed at the rear of the furnace. FluesB discharge upwardly preferably into the upper portionof the kiln. Another furnace O is located at one side of the kiln. All of the furnaces are shown situated above the floor of the kiln. The fire or combustion-chamber of furnace O is in open relation, by means of a lateral duct or passageway D in the rear wall of said chamber, with an upright flue or chimney E that, at its lower end, opens into a horizontal flue or duct G located below the floor or the kiln and arranged between and at right angles to the side-walls at which furnaces A are located, said flueor duct G extending from the side of the kiln at which fur- Located a suitable distance from, andarranged parallel with duct or flue G,fare located'two horizontal ducts or flues H, the latter being arranged preferably in the same vertical-plane, and separated by a'wall' H, said ducts or flues H being also located below the floor of thekiln. I Each'ductor flue H, preferably at the central portion thereof, is in open-relation, by means ofa horizontal flue or duct I (also located below the floor of the kiln) with duct or flue G. One or more horizontal ducts or flues K, arranged parallel with ducts or flues I are provided at either side of said ducts or flues I. Ducts or flues K are'also located below the floor of the kiln andextend from near duct or flue G to and discharge into the adjacent duct or flue H.

At the rear of each set of furnaces A, and below-the floor of the kiln, is a flue L that opens into the adjacent duct or fiue H, and is I means of lateral holes or perforations N in the wall between said chambers or short ducts and the respective flue or duct H. Duct-s K, L, M and Nare in open relation with the interior of the kiln by means of perforations or holes 0 formed in the floor of the kiln.

I have reduced my invention to practice and the'results are very satisfactory.

The products of combustion pass from furnaces A intoand up fluesB at the rear of said furnaces; thence into the interiorof the kiln,

their passage from the interior of the kiln, are conducted or caused to circulate underneath the entire or substantially the entire floor of the kiln, before they are conducted to the chimney, it will be observed that the floor of the kiln, in the operation of the latter, is uniformly or approximately uniformly heated and kept in a heated condition, and that practically all of the heat is utilized; that is, the heat escaping to the chimney is reduced to a minimum.

Except the duplication of the number of ducts or fines and furnaces, the construction of kiln shown in Figs. 4 and 5, is substantially the same as that shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Furnace or furnaces 0, located adjacent to the chimney or chimneys, as already indicated, will be found useful in starting the fires in furnaces A, in that said furnace or furnaces will effect a raretication of the air in the chimney or chimneys, resulting in the creation of a draft through the kiln and through furnaces A, and thereby facilitate an improved combustion in the latter. Some of the heated air discharged into duct or flue G will, however, it will be observed, be carried through passage-way or passage-ways P in the rear-wall or walls of the pit or ash-pits of furnace or furnaces G to the burning fuel of said furnace or furnaces, and thereby facilitate and improve the combustion in said furnace or furnaces.

By my improved construction of kiln hereinbefore described, the bricks, ware or articles placed in the kiln for burning are burned rapidly and satisfactorily. By my extensive distribution of the heat under the floor of the kiln, before conducting the products of combustion to the chimney or chimneys of the kiln, as already indicated, substantially every unit of heat is utilized, and by means of the forced draft through furnaces A and through the kiln, and created by means of furnace or furnaces G, the most complete combustion of the fuel in furnaces A is obtained, so that the liability of discoloring the bricks, ware or objects placed in the kiln for burningis also reduced to a minimum. I would also remark that deflectors R are preferably provided, at the discharging-ends of those ducts I that are located next adjacent to the chimney or chimneys of the kiln, to direct the heated currents issuing from said ducts or fines into duct or flue G in the direction of the chimney or chimneys.

What I claim is 1. A kiln havingtwo sets of furnaces on op posite sides, respectively, upright fines or ducts at the rear of said furnaces for conveying the heating-agent into the interior of the kiln, a system of heatingagent distributingducts or fines below the floor of the kiln, holes or perforations establishing open relation between said distributing-ducts or fines and the interior of the kiln, a stack or chimney and one or more passage-ways connecting said chimney with the ducts or lines under the floor of the kiln, one or more furnaces whose ash-pit or pits are in open relation with said last-mentioned passage-way or passage-ways and whose fuel-chamber or chambers are in open relation with the aforesaid chimney, substantially as set forth.

2. A kiln having two sets of heating-furnaces located on opposite sides of the kiln, respectively, ducts or flues for conveying the heating-agent from said furnaces to the interior of the kiln, a stack or chimney, fines G and H located below the floor of the kiln and arranged between the two sets of furnaces, and ducts or flues I establishing open relation between the aforesaid ducts or flues G and II, duct or flue G being in open relation with the stack or chimney and ducts or flues II and I beingin open relation with the interior of the kiln, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specifica tion, in the presence of two witnesses, this 30th day of December, 1893.

WILLIAM S. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

C. II. DORER, WARD HOOVER. 

